Coffee (Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora) is a woody plant native to Africa, specifically the mountainous regions of Ethiopia, where it was first cultivated for its stimulating properties and its social and cultural significance.

From there, its cultivation spread to Latin America, Asia, and other tropical regions, becoming one of the world’s most traded agricultural products.

Over the centuries, coffee has gained enormous economic and social significance, serving as a strategic crop for millions of small-scale producers. Varietal improvement and the adoption of modern agricultural techniques have made it possible to adapt its cultivation to different altitudes and production systems.

Coffee thrives in tropical and subtropical climates, with mild temperatures, good water availability, and no frost. It prefers deep, well-drained soils rich in organic matter, being sensitive to both water stress and excess moisture.