The walnut tree (Juglans regia) is a woody crop of great economic value with a long agricultural tradition. It originated in regions of Central Asia and the Near East, from where it spread to Europe and other parts of the world due to the nutritional value of its fruit and the quality of its wood.

Over the centuries, walnut cultivation has become established both for nut production and for forestry and ornamental uses. Today, demand for walnuts has driven the establishment of new, modernized plantations aimed at achieving consistent, high-quality yields.

The walnut tree thrives best in temperate climates, with cold winters and moderate summers. It requires deep, well-drained, and fertile soils, being particularly sensitive to waterlogging and root asphyxia.